Ruben's Flame Tube
video embedded
Description:
| Also known as the Standing Wave Flame Tube. NOTE: for amplification from portable audio devices, use external input of the Pasco function generator. Use this demonstration to display standing waves with flames. This experiment is best viewed in a darkened classroom. When there is no signal, the gas jets are fairly uniform in height, with variations mainly due to air currents. Once the signal generator is turned on, the heights of of the flames will show a wave pattern when the frequency is adjusted to form a standing wave in the tube. The frequency can be adjusted to show different standing wave patterns. Music can also be played into the tube. This demonstration was originally done by H. Ruben who published the demonstration in Annalen der Physik in 1905. H. Rubens und O. Krigar-Menzel: ""Flammenrohre fur akustishe Beobachtungen"", Ann. Phys., Lpz. 17, 149 (1905). R. J. Stephenson and G. K. Schoepfle: ""A Study of Monometric Flames"", Am. J. Physics 14, 294-299 (1946). Jerry L. Underfer: ""Misconceptions About Resonance in Vibrating Air Columns"", The Physics Teacher 4, 81-83 (1966). R. Coleman: ""The Flaming Air Track"", The Physics Teacher 13, 556-557 (1975). Mario Iona: ""Pressure in Standing Waves"", The Physics Teacher 14, 325 (1976). Robert P. Bauman and Dennis Moor: ""More on Dancing Flames"", The Physics Teacher 14, 389, 448 (1977) Thomas D. Rossing: ""Average Pressure in Standing Waves"", The Physics Teacher 15, 260 (1977). Seymour Trester: ""Pressure Variation Along a Longitudinal Standing Wave in Gas"", The Physics Teacher 15, 426-427 (1977). G.W. Ficken and F.C. Stephenson: ""Rubens Flame-Tube Demonstration"", The Physics Teacher 17, 306-310 (1979). G. Spagna: ""Rubens Flame Tube Demonstration: A closer look at the flames"", Am. J. Physics 51, 848 (1983). G. Spagna: ""Erratum: Rubens Flame Tube Demonstration: A closer look at the flames"", Am. J. Physics 52, 84 (1984). D. Jihui and C.T.P. Wang: ""Demonstration of longitudinal standing waves in a pipe revisited"", Am. J. Physics 53, 1110 (1985). G. Ficken and F. Stephenson: ""Comment on the Rubens flame tube"", A. J. Physics 54, 297 (1986). H.A. Daw: ""A Two-dimensional Flame Tube"", Am. J. Physics 55, 733 (1987). |
Video:
source: https://play.library.utoronto.ca/embed/ad7938347468214be05a670c88439b7b
Apparatus
Flame Tube
Lighter (Flint)
Fire Extinguisher
Dual Function Generator (Pasco)
Speakers (Computer)
